UN Security Council approves troop deployment to Haiti, months after Kenya proposed sending 1,000 officers to the country.
The United Nations Security Council on Monday approved the deployment of international forces led by Kenya to curb escalating gang violence in Haiti.
The Caribbean country of more than 11 million people, which had requested international assistance more than a year ago to curb the rising insecurity in the country, welcomed the decision.
“The Haitian people say thank you very much to the Security Council and the Secretary-General of the United Nations,” Haitian Prime Minister Ariel Henry said on X, formerly Twitter, shortly after the UN vote.
Henry also thanked the East African country for taking the lead in proposing to send troops to Haiti.
The resolution authorises the Multinational Security Support (MSS) mission “to take all necessary measures” to stem the violence.
The international forces are not deploying under the UN peace mission. They will be overseen by Kenyan forces, which received authorisation from the UN. The 2007 African Union intervention in Somalia to combat armed groups was also authorised by the UN.
Why are foreign forces needed?
Haiti has recorded 3,000 homicides and more than 1,500 kidnappings for ransom between January and September this year, according to the UN. Gang-related violence has spiked since the assassination of President Jovenel Moise two years ago.
The violence has forced some 200,000 people, half of them children, out of their homes, according to the UN, adding that the unprecedented level of insecurity has forced tens of thousands of children to not attend schools.
Haiti, the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere where half the population lives below the poverty line, has a small and ill-equipped military. Its police force, which has about 10,000 active personnel, has also been unable to contain the violence.
The international forces will guard important public installations such as airports, ports and hospitals, among other places. They will be coordinating with the local police in carrying out anti-crime operations.
Why is Kenya leading the mission?
Kenya has a history of sending peacekeepers to volatile countries and offered to send 1,000 personnel to Haiti in July. Nairobi says it wants to take part in the “rebuilding” of the country, which has been run by unelected officials for years.
“This mandate is not only about peace and security, but also about the rebuilding of Haiti – its politics, its economic development and social stability,” Kenya’s Foreign Affairs Minister Alfred Mutua said in a post on his X account following the UN approval.
Analysts say apart from helping stabilise Haiti, Kenya stands to gain from sending its forces to Port-au-Prince.
“On the global stage, sending its forces to Haiti gives Kenya a very serious political capital. In the eyes of the world, Kenya becomes a dependable ally who is willing to help other countries,” Dismas Mokua, a Nairobi-based analyst, told Al Jazeera.
“The mission creates several opportunities for Kenya. Kenyan law enforcement agencies will get specialised training and equipment before they are sent. This will improve the capacity of the force in the long term. Obviously, there are financial incentives. Resources are allocated to participating countries. Troops will also be given extra allowance, which is why there is high interest from officers for foreign deployments,” he added.
On Monday, the White House expressed its “gratitude” to Kenya for assuming leadership of the force.
The non-UN mission will be funded by voluntary contributions, with the United States, while not sending boots on the ground, pledging up to $200m. It is not clear when the force will be deployed. Last month, US Secretary of State Antony Blinken said a Kenya-led mission to Haiti could deploy “in months”. The international forces have a mandate for a year.
